This is the microscopic examination of the cell samples taken from the cervical canal and in the squamocolumnar junction for abnormal cells. This is a test for the early detection of cervical cancer.Positive results warrant further diagnostic procedures such as: cervical biopsy, conization of cervix, endometrial biopsy, or dilatation and curettage. The National Cancer Institute recommends that women who are or have been sexually active, or have reached age 18, should have a regular Pap smear and a physical examination. There is no upper age limit for Pap smears. A Pap smear is also indicated before a woman is to be prescribed an oral contraceptive for the first time. Reporting of Pap smear: Classifications: Class I: normal Class II: slightly abnormal, repeat ClassIII: abnormal, biopsy Class IV: possible malignant: biopsy Class V: malignant Dysplasia classification according to the "Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)" system: CIN I: mild dysplasia CIN II: moderate dysplasia CIN III: severe dysplasia and/or carcinoma in situ